Turkestan region, population of 164 000 people.
It is one of the oldest cities in Kazakhstan, located near the Syrdarya river. Turkestan was the capital of Kazakh Khanate in XVII-XVIII centuries.
Some of the brightest monuments of Islamic culture are collected here: the Mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yasawi, Mausoleum of Arystan-baba, tombs of Kazakh khans Esim-khan, Ablai-khan and Abulkhayir-khan. Turkestan is a main concentration of Muslim culture in Kazakhstan.
The climate here is subtropical, ultra-continental and extremely arid. The average temperature in January is -3.1 °С, in July 28,7 °С.